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19-2588; Rev 0; 9/02
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer
General Description
The MAX9981 dual high-linearity mixer integrates a local oscillator (LO) switch, LO buffer, LO splitter, and two active mixers. On-chip baluns allow for single-ended RF and LO inputs. The active mixers eliminate the need for an additional IF amplifier because the mixer provides a typical overall conversion gain of 2.1dB. The MAX9981 active mixers are optimized to meet the demanding requirements of GSM850, GSM900, and CDMA850 base-station receivers. These mixers provide exceptional linearity with an input IP3 of greater than +27dBm. The integrated LO driver allows for a wide range of LO drive levels from -5dBm to +5dBm. In addition, the built-in high-isolation switch enables rapid LO selection of less than 250ns, as needed for GSM transceiver designs. The MAX9981 is available in a 36-pin QFN package (6mm 6mm) with an exposed paddle, and is specified over the -40C to +85C extended temperature range.
Features
o +27.3dBm Input IP3 o +13.6dBm Input 1dB Compression Point o 825MHz to 915MHz RF Frequency Range o o o o o o o o 70MHz to 170MHz IF Frequency Range 725MHz to 1085MHz LO Frequency Range 2.1dB Conversion Gain 10.8dB Noise Figure 42dB Channel-to-Channel Isolation -5dBm to +5dBm LO Drive +5V Single-Supply Operation Built-In LO Switch with 52dB LO1 to LO2 Isolation
MAX9981
o ESD Protection o Integrated RF and LO Baluns for Single-Ended Inputs
Applications
GSM850/GSM900 2G and 2.5G EDGE BaseStation Receivers Cellular cdmaOneTM and cdma2000TM BaseStation Receivers TDMA and Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (iDEN)TM Base-Station Receivers Digital and Spread-Spectrum Communication Systems Microwave Point-to-Point Links
RFMAIN TAPMAIN MAINBIAS GND GND GND DIVBIAS TAPDIV 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Ordering Information
PART MAX9981EGX-T TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE -40C to +85C 36 QFN-EP* (6mm x 6mm)
*EP = Exposed paddle.
Pin Configuration/ Functional Diagram
IFMAIN+
TOP VIEW
VCC GND GND
IFMAIN-
GND
VCC
GND 29
31
35
34
36
33
32
30
28
27 LO2 26 GND 25 GND 24 GND 23 LOSEL 22 GND 21 VCC 20 GND 19 LO1
MAX9981
cdmaOne is a trademark of CDMA Development Group. cdma2000 is a trademark of Telecommunications Industry Association. iDEN is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
RFDIV
15
11
12
10
IFDIV+
13
14
16
17 GND
GND
GND
GND
6mm x 6mm QFN-EP
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
IFDIV-
GND
VCC
VCC
18
GND
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer MAX9981
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VCC ........................................................................-0.3V to +5.5V IFMAIN+, IFMAIN-, IFDIV+, IFDIV-, MAINBIAS, DIVBIAS, LOSEL..................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) TAPMAIN, TAPDIV ..............................................................+5.5V MAINBIAS, DIVBIAS Current ................................................5mA RFMAIN, RFDIV, LO1, LO2 Input Power ........................+20dBm Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 36-Pin QFN (derate 33mW/C above +70C)..............2200mW Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, no RF signals applied, all RF inputs and outputs terminated with 50, 267 resistors connected from MAINBIAS and DIVBIAS to GND, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5.0V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Supply Voltage Supply Current Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage LOSEL Input Current SYMBOL VCC ICC VIH VIL ILOSEL -5 CONDITIONS MIN 4.75 260 3.5 0.4 +5 TYP 5.00 291 MAX 5.25 325 UNITS V mA V V A
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, PLO = -5dBm to +5dBm, fRF = 825MHz to 915MHz, fLO = 725MHz to 1085MHz, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, fRF = 870MHz, fLO = 770MHz, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER RF Frequency LO Frequency IF Frequency LO Drive Level SYMBOL fRF fLO fIF PLO VCC = +5.0V, fIF = 100MHz, low-side injection, PRF = 0dBm, PLO = -5dBm Cellular band, fRF = 825MHz to 850MHz GSM band, fRF = 880MHz to 915MHz Must meet RF and LO frequency range. IF matching components affect IF frequency range. CONDITIONS MIN 825 725 70 -5 2.7 dB 2.1 0.6 53 dB dB TYP MAX 915 1085 170 +5 UNITS MHz MHz MHz dBm
Conversion Gain (Note 3)
GC
Gain Variation from Nominal Conversion Loss from LO to IF
fRF = 825MHz to 915MHz, 3 Inject PIN = -20dBm at fLO + 100MHz into LO port. Measure 100MHz at IF port as POUT. No RF signal at RF port. 100MHz IF, low-side injection Cellular band, fRF = 825MHz to 850MHz GSM band, fRF = 880MHz to 915MHz
10.8 dB 11.9
Noise Figure
NF
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, PLO = -5dBm to +5dBm, fRF = 825MHz to 915MHz, fLO = 725MHz to 1085MHz, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, fRF = 870MHz, fLO = 770MHz, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER Input 1dB Compression Point Input Third-Order Intercept Point 2 RF - 2 LO Spur Rejection 3 RF - 3 LO Spur Rejection Maximum LO Leakage at RF Port Maximum LO Leakage at IF Port Minimum RF to IF Isolation LO1 to LO2 Isolation SYMBOL P1dB IIP3 2x2 3x3 CONDITIONS Low-side injection PLO = -5dBm to +5dBm (Notes 3, 4) fRF = 915MHz, fLO = 815MHz, fSPUR = 865MHz, PRF = -5dBm fRF = 915MHz, fLO = 815MHz, fSPUR = 848.3MHz, PRF = -5dBm PLO = -5dBm to +5dBm, fLO = 725MHz to 1100MHz PLO = -5dBm to +5dBm, fLO = 725MHz to 1100MHz PLO = -5dBm to +5dBm, fRF = 825MHz to 915MHz fRF = 825MHz to 915MHz, PLO1 = PLO2 = +5dBm, fIF = 100MHz (Note 5) PRFMAIN = -5dBm, RFDIV terminated with 50. Measured power at IFDIV relative to IFMAIN. PRFDIV = -5dBm, RFMAIN terminated with 50. Measured power at IFMAIN relative to IFDIV. Main Diversity MIN TYP 13.6 27.3 53.3 43.2 79.7 -42 -30.6 18 52 MAX UNITS dBm dBm dBc dBc dBm dBm dB dB
MAX9981
39.5 dBc 42
Minimum Channel Isolation
fRF = 825MHz to 915MHz, fLO = 725MHz to 1085MHz
LO Switching Time RF Return Loss LO Return Loss IF Return Loss
50% of LOSEL to IF settled within 2 LO port selected LO port unselected RF and LO terminated into 50, fIF = 100MHz (Note 6)
250 25 19 14.3 15
ns dB dB dB
Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Note 6:
Guaranteed by design and characterization. All limits reflect losses of external components. Output measurements taken at IF OUT of Typical Application Circuit. Production tested. Two tones at 1MHz spacing, -5dBm per tone at RF port. Measured at IF port at IF frequency. fLO1 and fLO2 are offset by 1MHz. IF return loss can be optimized by external matching components.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer MAX9981
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc01
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc02
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER
MAX9981 toc03
5 TA = -40C
fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER
5
fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER
5
4 CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
4 CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
4 CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
3
3
3
2 TA = +85C TA = +25C 0 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
2 PLO = -5dBm, 0dBm, +5dBm 1
2 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 1
1
0 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
0 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc04
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc05
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER
MAX9981 toc06
5
fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER TA = -40C
5
fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER
5
4 CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
4 CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
4 CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
3
3
3
2
2 PLO = -5dBm, 0dBm, +5dBm 1
2 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 1
1
TA = +85C
TA = +25C 0 0 820 840 860 880 900 920 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 880 900 920
0 820 840 860 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc07
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc08
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER PRF = -5dBm
MAX9981 toc09
80 TA = +85C 75 2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc) 70 65 60 55 TA = -40C 50 45 820 840 860 880 900 TA = +25C fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER PRF = -5dBm
85
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc)
75
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc)
fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER PRF = -5dBm
80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
PLO = -5dBm
65 PLO = 0dBm 55 PLO = +5dBm 45
920
820
840
860
880
900
920
820
840
860
880
900
920
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX9981
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc10
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc11
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
fIF = 100MHz DIVERSITY MIXER PRF = -5dBm 55
MAX9981 toc12 MAX9981 toc18 MAX9981 toc15
60 TA = +85C 2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc) 55 fIF = 100MHz DIVERSITY MIXER PRF = -5dBm
60 PLO = +5dBm 2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc) 55 fIF = 100MHz DIVERSITY MIXER PRF = -5dBm
60
50
50
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc)
50
45
TA = +25C TA = -40C
45
PLO = 0dBm PLO = -5dBm
45
VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
40 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
40 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
40 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc13
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER PRF = -5dBm
MAX9981 toc14
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
60 fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER PRF = -5dBm
70 fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER PRF = -5dBm
60
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE (dBc)
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE (dBc)
60
TA = +85C
56 PLO = -5dBm 54
PLO = 0dBm
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE (dBc)
65
58
58
56
VCC = 5.25V
55 TA = +25C 50 TA = -40C 45 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
54 VCC = 4.75, 5.0V
52 PLO = +5dBm 50 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
52
50 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc16
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
fIF = 120MHz DIVERSITY MIXER PRF = -5dBm PLO = +5dBm 47.5 45.0 42.5 40.0 PLO = -5dBm 37.5 42 820 840 860 880 900 920
MAX9981 toc17
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
46 fIF = 120MHz DIVERSITY MIXER PRF = -5dBm
47 46 2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE (dBc) 45 44 TA = +25C 43 42 TA = -40C 41 40 820 840 860 TA = +85C
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE (dBc)
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE (dBc)
fIF = 120MHz DIVERSITY MIXER PRF = -5dBm
52.5 50.0 PLO = 0dBm
45
44 VCC = 5.25V 43 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V
880
900
920
820
840
860
880
900
920
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer MAX9981
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc19
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc20
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER VCC = 5.25V INPUT IP3 (dBm) 28
MAX9981 toc21 MAX9981 toc27 MAX9981 toc24
30
fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER TA = +85C
30
fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER PLO = +5dBm
30
29 INPUT IP3 (dBm)
29 INPUT IP3 (dBm)
29
28
28
27 TA = +25C TA = -40C 25 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
27 PLO = 0dBm 26 PLO = -5dBm
27 VCC = 5.0V 26 VCC = 4.75V
26
25 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
25 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc22
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER PLO = -5dBm INPUT IP3 (dBm)
MAX9981 toc23
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
30 VCC = 5.25V VCC = 5.0V 28 fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER
30
fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER TA = -40C
30
29 INPUT IP3 (dBm)
29
29 INPUT IP3 (dBm)
28
28
27 TA = +25C 26 TA = +85C 25 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
27 PLO = 0dBm 26 PLO = +5dBm 25 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
27
26 VCC = 4.75V 25 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc25
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER
MAX9981 toc26
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
17 fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER
17
fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER
17
16 INPUT P1dB (dBm)
16 INPUT P1dB (dBm)
16 INPUT P1dB (dBm)
15 TA = +25C 14
TA = +85C
15
PLO = -5dBm PLO = 0dBm
15 VCC = 5.25V 14 VCC = 5.0V
14
13 TA = -40C 12 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
13 PLO = +5dBm 12 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
13 VCC = 4.75V 12 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
6
_______________________________________________________________________________________
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX9981
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc28
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc29
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER VCC = 5.25V INPUT P1dB (dBm) 15 VCC = 5.0V
MAX9981 toc30 MAX9981 toc36 MAX9981 toc33
17
fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER TA = +85C TA = +25C
17
fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER PLO = -5dBm
17
16 INPUT P1dB (dBm)
16 INPUT P1dB (dBm)
16
15
15
14
14 PLO = 0dBm 13 PLO = +5dBm
14 VCC = 4.75V
13 TA = -40C 12 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
13
12 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
12 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
CHANNEL ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc31
CHANNEL ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
RF MAIN IN/IF DIVERSITY OUT fIF = 100MHz
MAX9981 toc32
CHANNEL ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
55 RF DIVERSITY IN/IF MAIN OUT fIF = 100MHz
55
RF MAIN IN/IF DIVERSITY OUT fIF = 100MHz TA = +85C
55
CHANNEL ISOLATION (dBc)
CHANNEL ISOLATION (dBc)
50
50
CHANNEL ISOLATION (dBc)
50
45
45
45
40
TA = +25C TA = -40C
40 PLO = -5dBm, 0dBm, +5dBm 35
40
PLO = -5dBm, 0dBm, +5dBm
35 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
35 820 840 860 880 900 920 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
CHANNEL ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc34
CHANNEL ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
RF MAIN IN/IF DIVERSITY OUT fIF = 120MHz
MAX9981 toc35
CHANNEL ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
55 RF DIVERSITY IN/IF MAIN OUT fIF = 120MHz
55
RF MAIN IN/IF DIVERSITY OUT fIF = 120MHz TA = +85C
55
CHANNEL ISOLATION (dBc)
CHANNEL ISOLATION (dBc)
50
50
CHANNEL ISOLATION (dBc)
50
45 TA = +25C 40 TA = -40C 35 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
45
45
40 PLO = -5dBm, 0dBm, +5dBm 35 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
40
PLO = -5dBm, 0dBm, +5dBm
35 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer MAX9981
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc37
LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9981 toc38
LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
LO OFFSET 1MHz fIF = 120MHz MAIN MIXER
MAX9981 toc39
56 LO OFFSET 1MHz fIF = 100MHz DIVERSITY MIXER
56 LO OFFSET 1MHz fIF = 100MHz DIVERSITY MIXER PLO = -5dBm
56
LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dBc)
LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dBc)
LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dBc)
55
TA = +85C
55
55
54
54
54
TA = +85C
53 TA = +25C 52 TA = +-40C
53 PLO = 0dBm PLO = +5dBm
53
52
52 TA = +25C TA = -40C 900 920
51 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
51 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
51 820 840 860 880 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY
MAX9981 toc40
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY
MAX9981 toc41
LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY
MAIN MIXER -45 LO LEAKAGE (dBm) -50 -55 -60 -65 -70 PLO = 0dBm PLO = +5dBm PLO = -5dBm
MAX9981 toc42
-30 MAIN MIXER -33 LO LEAKAGE (dBm) TA = +85C
-27 MAIN MIXER -30 LO LEAKAGE (dBm) PLO = 0dBm PLO = +5dBm
-40
-36
TA = +25C
-33
-39 TA = -40C -42
-36
-39 PLO = -5dBm
-45 750 800 850 900 950 1000 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
-42 750 800 850 900 950 1000 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
700
800
900
1000
1100
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF TO IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY
MAX9981 toc43
RF TO IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY
MAX9981 toc44
NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
14 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 13 12 11 10 TA = +25C TA = -40C 820 840 860 880 900 920 TA = +85C fIF = 100MHz MAIN MIXER
MAX9981 toc45
30 MAIN MIXER 27 RF TO IF ISOLATION (dB)
26 MAIN MIXER
15
RF TO IF ISOLATION (dB)
24 PLO = 0dBm, +5dBm 22
24
TA = +85C TA = +25C
21
18
20 PLO = -5dBm
TA = -40C 18 820 840 860 880 900 920 820 840 860 880 900 920 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
9 8
15
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
8
_______________________________________________________________________________________
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX9981
RF RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY
MAX9981 toc46
IF RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY
MAIN MIXER SET BY EXTERNAL MATCHING
MAX9981 toc47
LO RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY
LO INPUT SELECTED 5 LO RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 15 20 25 PLO = 0dBm 30 PLO = +5dBm PLO = -5dBm
MAX9981 toc48
0 5 RF RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 15 20 25 30 35
MAIN MIXER
0
0
IF RETURN LOSS (dB)
PLO = -5dBm, 0dBm, +5dBm
5
10
15
20 700 800 900 1000 1100 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
35 700 800 900 1000 1100 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY
MAX9981 toc49
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX9981 toc50
0 LO INPUT UNSELECTED 5 LO RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 15 20 25 30 35 700 800 900 1000 PLO = -5dBm, 0dBm, +5dBm
320 310 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 300 VCC = 5.0V 290 280 270 260 VCC = 4.75V
VCC = 5.25V
1100
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
TEMPERATURE (C)
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9
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer MAX9981
Pin Description
PIN 1 2 3 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 15, 17, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 31, 34, 35, EP 7 8 9 10, 16, 21, 30, 36 13, 14 19 23 27 32, 33 NAME RFMAIN TAPMAIN MAINBIAS FUNCTION Main Channel RF Input. This input is internally matched to 50 and is DC shorted to ground through a balun. Main RF Balun Center Tap. Connect bypass capacitors from this pin to ground. Bias control for the Main Mixer. Connect a 267 resistor from this pin to ground to set the bias current for the main mixer.
GND
Ground
DIVBIAS TAPDIV RFDIV VCC IFDIV+, IFDIVLO1 LOSEL LO2 IFMAIN-, IFMAIN+
Bias Control for the Diversity Mixer. Connect a 267 resistor from this pin to ground to set the bias current for the diversity mixer. Diversity RF Balun Center Tap. Connect bypass capacitors from this pin to ground. Diversity Channel RF Input. This input is internally matched to 50 and is DC shorted to ground through a balun. Power-Supply Connections. Connect bypass capacitors as shown in the Typical Application Circuit. Differential IF Output for Diversity Mixer. Connect 560nH pullup inductors and 137 pullup resistors from each of these pins to VCC for a 70MHz to 100MHz IF range. Local Oscillator Input 1. This input is internally matched to 50 and is DC shorted to ground through a balun. Local Oscillator Select. Set this pin to logic HIGH to select LO1; set to logic LOW to select LO2. Local Oscillator Input 2. This input is internally matched to 50 and is DC shorted to ground through a balun. Differential IF Output for the Main Mixer. Connect 560nH pullup inductors and 137 pullup resistors from each of these pins to VCC for a 70MHz to 100MHz IF range.
10
______________________________________________________________________________________
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer
Typical Application Circuit
C14
MAX9981
L1 5.0V
R3
3 2
T1
6
IFMAIN_OUT
C13 L2 R4
C16 1
4:1 (200:50) TRANSFORMER 4
C15 5.0V C5 5.0V C10
IFMAIN+
IFMAIN-
GND
GND
GND
GND 29
VCC
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
C1 RF_MAIN
28
GND
VCC
RFMAIN TAPMAIN
C8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 27 LO2 GND GND GND LOSEL GND 5.0V VCC GND LO1 C7 LO1 LO SELECT LO2
MAX9981
26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19
C11
C2
MAINBIAS GND GND
R1
R2
GND DIVBIAS
C12
C3
TAPDIV RFDIV
RF_DIV C4
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17 GND
IFDIV+
GND
GND
GND
VCC
IFDIV-
VCC
5.0V C6
GND
18
5.0V C9 C19
L4 5.0V
R6
3 2
T2
6
IFDIV_OUT
C17 L3 R5
4:1 (200:50) TRANSFORMER 4
C20
1
C18
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11
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer MAX9981
Component List
COMPONENT C1, C4 C2, C3 C5, C6, C9, C10 C7, C8 C11, C12 C13, C16, C17, C20 C14, C15, C18, C19 L1-L4 R1, R2 R3-R6 T1, T2 VALUE 33pF 3.9pF 100pF 15pF 0.033F 220pF 330pF 560nH 267 1% 137 1% 4:1 (200:50) SIZE 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 1008 0603 0603 -- PART NUMBER Murata GRM1885C1H330J Murata GRM1885C1H3R9C Murata GRM1885C1H101J Murata GRM1885C1H150J Murata GRM188R71E333K Murata GRM1885C1H221J Murata GRM1885C1H331J CoilCraft 1008CS-561XJBB -- -- Mini-Circuits TC4-1W-7A
Detailed Description
The MAX9981 downconverter mixers are designed for GSM and CDMA base-station receivers with an RF frequency between 825MHz and 915MHz. Each active mixer provides 2.1dB to 2.7dB of overall conversion gain to the receive signal, removing the need for an external IF amplifier. The mixers have excellent input IP3 measuring greater than +27dBm. The device also features integrated RF and LO baluns that allow the mixers to be driven with single-ended signals.
IF Outputs
Each mixer has an IF frequency range of 70MHz to 170MHz. The differential IF output ports require external pullup inductors to VCC to resonate out the differential on-chip capacitance of 1.8pF. See the Typical Application Circuit for recommended component values for an IF of 70MHz to 100MHz. The IF match can be optimized for higher IF frequencies by reducing the values of the pullup inductors L1, L2, L3, and L4. Note: Removing the ground plane from underneath these inductors reduces parasitic capacitive loading and improves VSWR.
RF Inputs
The MAX9981 has two RF inputs (RFMAIN, RFDIV) that are internally matched to 50 requiring no external matching components. A 33pF DC-blocking capacitor is required at the input since the input is internally DC shorted to ground through a balun. Return loss is better than 15dB over the entire frequency range of 825MHz to 915MHz.
Bias Circuitry
Connect bias resistors from MAINBIAS and DIVBIAS to ground to set the mixer bias current. A nominal resistor value of 267 sets an input IP3 of +27dBm and supply current of 290mA. Bias currents are fine-tuned at the factory and should not be adjusted.
LO Inputs
The mixers can be used for either high-side or low-side injection applications with an LO frequency range of 725MHz to 1085MHz. An internal LO switch allows for switching between two single-ended LO ports. This is useful for fast frequency changes/frequency hopping. LO switching time is less than 250ns. The switch is controlled by a digital input (LOSEL) that when high, selects LO1 and when low, selects LO2. The selected LO input mixes with both RFMAIN and RFDIV to produce the IF signals. Internal LO buffers allow for a wide power range on the LO ports. The LO signal power can vary from -5dBm to +5dBm. LO1 and LO2 are internally matched to 50, so only a 15pF DC-blocking capacitor is required at each LO port.
12
Applications Information
Layout Considerations
A properly designed PC board is an essential part of any RF/microwave circuit. Keep RF signal lines as short as possible to reduce losses, radiation, and inductance. For best performance, route the ground pin traces directly to the exposed paddle underneath the package. This paddle should be connected to the ground plane of the board by using multiple vias under the device to provide the best RF/thermal conduction path. Solder the exposed paddle, on the bottom of the device package, to a PC board exposed pad.
______________________________________________________________________________________
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer
Power Supply Bypassing
Proper voltage supply bypassing is essential for high-frequency circuit stability. Bypass each VCC pin, TAPMAIN, and TAPDIV with the capacitors shown in the typical application circuit. Place the TAPMAIN and TAPDIV bypass capacitors to ground within 100mils of the TAPMAIN and TAPDIV pins. TRANSISTOR COUNT: 358 PROCESS: BiCMOS
Chip Information
MAX9981
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13
825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer MAX9981
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
36L,40L, QFN.EPS
14
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825MHz to 915MHz, Dual SiGe High-Linearity Active Mixer
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
MAX9981
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 15 (c) 2002 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

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